A Comparative Analysis of “Cry Freedom” and “Island in the Sun” Essay

Racism and racial segregation are forms of discrimination based traditionally on unmerited economic, social and political orders. These principles transform and re-invent and continue to license themselves in modern societies causing severe mental scars and perpetuating deep inequality and poverty. Colonialism in the British Caribbean illustrated by the film Island in the Sun which is chronologically first, and come in Colonialism in Africa illustrated by Cry Freedom have similarities and stark differences. Both films are used to portray societys social-political issues. From the marginalization of black lot socially, politically and economically to the notable use of laws that exploit, ostracize and impede the advancement of blacks while dividing them in the process. The films are set apart by their notable differences, in Cry Freedom, apartheid laws which were developed after the 20th century were codified which set legal barriers of white domination and racial separation. Raci al discrimination was systemized and out(p) marriages between blacks and whites, and sanctioned certain jobs for whites only. Island in the Sun, on the other hand attempts to trade unionize the workforce to help blacks to become empowered because up to that point blacks could not work in certain areas. While both films reflect different time periods they simultaneously reflect the clutch of colonial mindsets on mental realities within The Bahamas.In Island in the Sun we see the Caribbean in the 1950s, historically during this time there was de jure racial segregation between the two different groups blacks and whites. What black people could and could not do was very present in this film. Here we see the character David Boyhe a mixed-ra... ...uld result in a causa whose final triumph would be majority rule and the dismantling of the system of apartheid that inhibited Bahamian blacks socially, politically and economically (Martin and Storr 21). Works CitedBarlas, Robert. The Ba hamas. TarryTown marshall cavendish Benchmark, 2000.Bethel, Nicolette. Engendering the Bahamas. College of The Bahamas Research ledger XIII (2003).Cry Freedom. Dir. Richard Attenborough. Perf. Denzel Washington. 1987.Martin, Nona. Ise a Man. Political Awakening and the 1942 Riot in the Bahamas. Journal of Caribbean History, 41 (1&2) (2008) 3.McCartney, Donald M. Bahamian Culture and Factors Which stir Upon It. Pittsburg Dorrance Publishing Co, inc, 2004.Wolpe, Harold. Capitalism and cheap labour-power in South Africa From segregation to apartheid. Economy and Society 1(4) (1972) 425-456.

Noise Pollution Essay -- environment environmental

Noise PollutionNoise pollution is not a necessary price to pay for living in an industrial society. Much can be done to reduce the severity of the problem. For example, vehicles and other machines can be built to produce less noise. Four-cycle engines can replace much noisier two-cycle engines in such products as lawnmowers, motorboats, and jet skis. Labels that indicate the noise levels of appliances and tools can help consumers block noisy products and choose quieter alternatives. Even after noise is generated, steps can be taken to reduce human exposure to it. At homes or in offices, insulation of walls and double-glazing of windows can muffle sound from traffic, neighbors, and other sources from the outside world. Sound walls along highways can shield n spike heelby neighborhoods from traffic noise. Individuals should protect themselves with earplugs or mufflike ear protectors, particularly when noise levels exceed 85 decibels. In the industrialized nations, governments have la ws and policies to counter noise pollution. In the United States, at least six federal agencies are involved in controlling noise pollution. Since 1969 the FAA has monitored and controlled noise from airplanes. The agency requires that new aircraft meet specified noise standards and that old ones be retrofitted or retired. topical anesthetic airport authorities, with FAA approval, reduce the impacts of noise pollution by routing flights over water or unpopulated areas on takeoff and landing, and by limiti...

cvbcvbcvbcvb Essay --

Truth has been discussed by philosophers over the course of history, going back to Aristotle, in this essay we pass on look a two theories of accuracy in order to determine which is the most plausible and general criticisms. It is important when discussing this matter to assimilate a correct translation of virtue, the meaning of it within the context of this question. This conception of truth is the question of ones beliefs and things that one supports, it is the nature of this form of truth that philosophers have tried to understand and have debated. The two theories that will be discussed are the correspondence speculation and the coherence theory additionally briefly we will look at the idea of truth-bearers, as these vary between different philosophers. Finally, on that point will be a brief comparison of the two ideas in the conclusion. Arguably, the coherence theory appears to be a less flawed theory of truth.Kirkham gives a discussion of the debate of what is a truth be arer in his adit to the theories of truth, and this is a debate unto itself, however broadly the main candidates for this are propositions, sentences, beliefs, and statements (Kirkham, 1992, p. 59). Propositions, which is the information contained within a sentence, have been subject to debate as to whether they can exist truth and have been charged with being vague by Russell and it has also be questioned as whether they exist at all (Ibid. p. 57). Sentences too are criticised as they can be interpreted as both false and true at the same time, additionally both statements and beliefs as truth bearers mean that there are unstated statements and unbelieved beliefs, which is a paradox. The first theory of truth to consider is correspondence, this theory states that stat... ...which appears to be more convincing as this gives a whole definition of the question of what is true rather than Reschers internal truths.In conclusion, both conceptions of the theory of truth appear to have contradictions within them, however correspondence theory appears to be more flawed. It must be taken into consideration that other theories of truth exist, and one could argue that neither of these appear to be a passable account of truth in a general context. One important point that Walker raises is that coherence theory and correspondence theory do not necessarily have to contravene with each other, although if correspondence theorists see it as the nature of truth then there will be a conflict (Walker, 2001, p. 124). Nevertheless coherence theory gives a more satisfactory account of the nature of truth and to some extent as a test of truth as well.

Internet - Ethics of Publicizing Security Vulnerabilities :: Free Essays Online

The Ethics of Publicizing Security Vulnerabilities Abstract In 1988, Robert T. Morris Jr. outpouringd the Internet sophisticate Virus, which essentially shut down the correct internet for a day. Morris wrote the virus using known vulnerabilities in the UNIX operating system. When these vulnerabilities are discovered, should they be publicized or kept secret to prevent only attacks? These issues relate closely to the concepts of open source versus proprietary software development. In 1988, Robert T. Morris Jr., a Cornell graduate student, released a computer virus. The goal of this virus was to propagate itself across the Internet and to infect as many machines as possible in as little time as possible. The Internet Worm, as it came to be known, was truly successful it infected millions upon millions of machines and essentially shut down the entire Internet for roughly twenty four hours. As a result of his creation and release of the Internet Worm, Robert Morris spent years in courts and paid significant amounts of money in lawyer and court fees, but never went to prison for his actions. The Internet Worm case brings up an extremely important issue that increases in importance each year as the world becomes increasingly networked via the internet and through opposite means should people have access to information close to vulnerabilities in computer systems, or should these vulnerabilities remain secret? At the time that Robert Morris wrote the Internet Worm, there were known vulnerabilities in the UNIX Operating Systems Finger command, and in the Sendmail Daemon, the program responsible for transmitting electronic mail from one machine to another. Anyone who had some amount of expertise in the UNIX Operating System knew of these weaknesses, yet no one had made an attempt to fix the problem. Robert Morris apparently viewed this situation as a matter that demand attention, which many people speculate as his reason for creating the Internet Worm. His ingenious virus used these vulnerabilities to attack systems and to propagate itself across the internet. One fact is unimpeachably known. This is the fact that the Internet Worm gave many thousands of computer experts a strong reason to fix these vulnerabilities. It is necessary to realize one important fact about the internet worm virus it was not totally malicious. That is, Morris did not write the virus so that it would try to do any damage to the hardware or software of the machines it infected.

The Neurobiology of Genius Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Genius The Neurobiology of Giftedness Toby Rosenberg, in all the five years of his life, has never been your true toddler. At age 14 months, Toby could read out loud from posters his stroller passed by. A year later, he spoke both Polish and English fluently, and at the age of 4, he compiled a dictionary of hieroglyphics after tour a museum shop and perusing through a book on ancient Egypt (1). From W.A. Mozart to Bobby fisherman to Toby Rosenberg, some children give up since their birth amazed the compass with their incredible intellect and abilities that can at times outdo even the brightest of adults. Why is this so, and, as many parents-to-be wonder, can a grandeur be created? It is manifest that when a childs mental development is displayed far beyond the usual time, the only reasonable history is that the brain and nervous system are much more highly developed than is normal for the age (2). Some scientists believe that there are quantitative differences in these chi ldrens cerebral organization, and that these differences may possibly have a genetic link. However, although results seem to indicate this as so, more data is needed to establish this hard and to ultimately explain why so few children have such gifted abilities. First, however, one must have a clear notion of what is meant by giftedness. Only the top 2-5 % of children in the world are very gifted. These children are precocious, self-instructing, can intuit solutions without resorting to logical, linear steps, and have an incredible interest in an area or more that they focus so intently on, that they may lose sense of the outside world (3). Early reading and development of abstract concept are typical characteristics as well. The acceleration of ment... ...cience and human genetic science concerned with human learning, memory, and intellectual developments which have implications in gifted education. http//www.edfac.unimelb.edu.au/LED/GDE/brain.html6)Raising Albert Can analyze dead brains ever tell us anything about genius?, Environmental factors may be a source of Einsteins genius. http//www.newscientist.com/ns/19990626/editorial.html7)TI Mental rotation and the right cerebral hemisphere, raise of research findings regarding enhanced development of the right cerebral hemisphere and its connection to extreme intellectual giftedness. http//www.soton.ac.uk/crime/Mathematics_brain.html8) Wetware The Biological Basis of Intellectual Giftedness, A thoroughgoing(a) analysis of the parts of the brain and their related systems in par to the intellectually gifted. http//www.hoagiesgifted.org/montage/v1n4p3.html The Neurobiology of Genius Essay -- Biology Essays Research PapersGenius The Neurobiology of Giftedness Toby Rosenberg, in all the five years of his life, has never been your typical toddler. At age 14 months, Toby could read aloud from posters his stroller passed by. A year later, he spoke both Polish and English fluently, and at the ag e of 4, he compiled a dictionary of hieroglyphics after visiting a museum shop and perusing through a book on ancient Egypt (1). From W.A. Mozart to Bobby Fisher to Toby Rosenberg, some children have since their birth amazed the world with their incredible intellect and abilities that can at times outdo even the brightest of adults. Why is this so, and, as many parents-to-be wonder, can a genius be created? It is evident that when a childs mental development is displayed far beyond the usual time, the only reasonable explanation is that the brain and nervous system are much more highly developed than is normal for the age (2). Some scientists believe that there are quantitative differences in these childrens cerebral organization, and that these differences may possibly have a genetic link. However, although results seem to indicate this as so, more data is needed to establish this firmly and to ultimately explain why so few children have such gifted abilities. First, however, one m ust have a clear notion of what is meant by giftedness. Only the top 2-5 % of children in the world are truly gifted. These children are precocious, self-instructing, can intuit solutions without resorting to logical, linear steps, and have an incredible interest in an area or more that they focus so intently on, that they may lose sense of the outside world (3). Early reading and development of abstract thought are typical characteristics as well. The acceleration of ment... ...cience and human genetics concerned with human learning, memory, and intellectual developments which have implications in gifted education. http//www.edfac.unimelb.edu.au/LED/GDE/brain.html6)Raising Albert Can studying dead brains ever tell us anything about genius?, Environmental factors may be a source of Einsteins genius. http//www.newscientist.com/ns/19990626/editorial.html7)TI Mental rotation and the right hemisphere, Abstract of research findings regarding enhanced development of the right cerebral he misphere and its connection to extreme intellectual giftedness. http//www.soton.ac.uk/crime/Mathematics_brain.html8) Wetware The Biological Basis of Intellectual Giftedness, A thorough analysis of the parts of the brain and their related systems in comparison to the intellectually gifted. http//www.hoagiesgifted.org/montage/v1n4p3.html

The Neurobiology of Genius Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Genius The Neurobiology of Giftedness Toby Rosenberg, in all the five age of his life, has never been your typical toddler. At age 14 months, Toby could read aloud from posters his perambulator passed by. A year later, he spoke both fall and English fluently, and at the age of 4, he compiled a dictionary of hieroglyphics after visiting a museum shop and perusing through a book on ancient Egypt (1). From W.A. Mozart to Bobby Fisher to Toby Rosenberg, some children have since their birth amazed the world with their dumbfounding intellect and abilities that can at times outdo veritable(a) the brightest of adults. Why is this so, and, as many p bents-to-be wonder, can a genius be created? It is evident that when a childs mental suppuration is displayed far beyond the usual time, the lone(prenominal) reasonable explanation is that the brain and nervous system are much more passing developed than is normal for the age (2). Some scientists believe that there are quantitative differe nces in these childrens cerebral organization, and that these differences may possibly have a genetic link. However, although results seem to indicate this as so, more data is necessary to establish this firmly and to ultimately explain why so few children have such gifted abilities. First, however, one must have a light up notion of what is meant by giftedness. Only the top 2-5 % of children in the world are truly gifted. These children are precocious, self-instructing, can intuit solutions without resorting to logical, linear steps, and have an incredible pursual in an area or more that they focus so intently on, that they may relapse sense of the outside world (3). Early reading and development of abstract thought are typical characteristics as well. The acceleration of ment... ...cience and human genetics pertain with human learning, memory, and intellectual developments which have implications in gifted education. http//www.edfac.unimelb.edu.au/ take/GDE/brain.html6)Rai sing Albert Can studying dead brains ever tell us anything about genius?, environmental factors may be a source of Einsteins genius. http//www.newscientist.com/ns/19990626/editorial.html7)TI Mental revolution and the right hemisphere, Abstract of research findings regarding enhanced development of the right cerebral hemisphere and its affiliation to extreme intellectual giftedness. http//www.soton.ac.uk/crime/Mathematics_brain.html8) Wetware The Biological Basis of intelligent Giftedness, A thorough analysis of the parts of the brain and their related systems in comparison to the intellectually gifted. http//www.hoagiesgifted.org/montage/v1n4p3.html The Neurobiology of Genius Essay -- Biology Essays Research paperGenius The Neurobiology of Giftedness Toby Rosenberg, in all the five years of his life, has never been your typical toddler. At age 14 months, Toby could read aloud from posters his stroller passed by. A year later, he spoke both Polish and English fluen tly, and at the age of 4, he compiled a dictionary of hieroglyphics after visiting a museum shop and perusing through a book on ancient Egypt (1). From W.A. Mozart to Bobby Fisher to Toby Rosenberg, some children have since their birth amazed the world with their incredible intellect and abilities that can at times outdo even the brightest of adults. Why is this so, and, as many parents-to-be wonder, can a genius be created? It is evident that when a childs mental development is displayed far beyond the usual time, the only reasonable explanation is that the brain and nervous system are much more highly developed than is normal for the age (2). Some scientists believe that there are quantitative differences in these childrens cerebral organization, and that these differences may possibly have a genetic link. However, although results seem to indicate this as so, more data is needed to establish this firmly and to ultimately explain why so few children have such gifted abilities. Fir st, however, one must have a clear notion of what is meant by giftedness. Only the top 2-5 % of children in the world are truly gifted. These children are precocious, self-instructing, can intuit solutions without resorting to logical, linear steps, and have an incredible interest in an area or more that they focus so intently on, that they may lose sense of the outside world (3). Early reading and development of abstract thought are typical characteristics as well. The acceleration of ment... ...cience and human genetics concerned with human learning, memory, and intellectual developments which have implications in gifted education. http//www.edfac.unimelb.edu.au/LED/GDE/brain.html6)Raising Albert Can studying dead brains ever tell us anything about genius?, Environmental factors may be a source of Einsteins genius. http//www.newscientist.com/ns/19990626/editorial.html7)TI Mental rotation and the right hemisphere, Abstract of research findings regarding enhanced development of the right cerebral hemisphere and its connection to extreme intellectual giftedness. http//www.soton.ac.uk/crime/Mathematics_brain.html8) Wetware The Biological Basis of Intellectual Giftedness, A thorough analysis of the parts of the brain and their related systems in comparison to the intellectually gifted. http//www.hoagiesgifted.org/montage/v1n4p3.html

Red Bull Market Analysis

The segment only occupied 1% of the Australians non-alcoholic beverage market (in 2004). However, it is dominated by 2 main companies that are Red dirt and its rival V. The following table is the actual volume and value of this segment. Figure 1 Energy toast Segment actual volume and value size The energy drinks market after initial fast growth gave signs of some declines. This is most likely to be reversed, with growth coming back in Energy Drink Segment.Figure 2 Australians non-alcoholic beverage growth rate In analogy with other segments, the Energy Drink appears to have rather high growth rate (13. %) seconds only to fruit and tea drink. Both market leaders cast heavily in marketing, said Red tinkers damns Ms Aldridge. In fact, Red Bulls marketing investment for 2007 will advert record highs and will be increased to $33 million. This is an increase of 38% on 2006 and 65% on 2005. As well as above-the-line advertising, Red Bull marketing dollars are continuously invested in to consumer-focused events such as F1 and the Red Bull Air Race. It also invests in a sampling program and has found multi-buy promotions, whereby customers power buy two Red Bull cans for $5, or two Red Bull bottles for $6, to be highly effective.Ms Aldridge also hopes that the launch of the Red Bull 355ml can earlier this year will further increase convenience store sales and profits. Red Bull is consumed throughout the day and night with a higher proportion in the afternoon and evening, so it is a good idea for store owners to check their stock levels at this time to avoid probable out of stocks and missed sales opportunities, Ms Aldridge said. Despite only occupying only a small segment in the beverage market, this is an interesting segment to be considered for investment.

Trend in Transport: the Role of Intermodal Transport in the International Logistics

Globalization and the consequently expansion of the geographical firms borders led an extend of the supranational transferees demand, promoting the develop of send offs sector. In fact, the growth of the amount of freight being traded, as well as, a great variety of origins and destinations promotes the importance of outside(a) transportation as a fundamental element supporting the ball-shaped economy. In expoundicular, since the trading distances involved are often considerable, there has been an increase of demands on the maritime transfer industry and on port activities.In this process China had an important role, in fact, as its industrial and manufacturing activities developed, it started to import growing quantities of raw materials and energy and exportation growing quantities of manufactured goods, fostering a surge in demands for long distance international transportation. International transportation system have been under change magnitude pressures to support addi tional demands in freights volume and distance at which this freight is been carried.This couldnt have occurred without considerable technical improvements permitting to transport larger quantities of goods, and this more rapidly and more efficiently. Container played, of course, a crucial role, promoting, furthermore, the development of the intermodal transport. Intermodal transport modes recover an important role in international transportation, in fact, beca theatrical role of the involved geographical scale, most international freights movements involve several modes, especially when origins and destinations are far apart.Among the numerous transport modes, two are specifically concerned with international trade ?Ports and maritime transfer ?Airports and standard pressure transports Maritime transportation is very important in international trades, in fact in terms of tonnage it handles about 90% of the global trade. Although in terms of tonnage air transportation carries an insignificant amount of freight(0. 2% of total tonnage) compared with maritime transportation, its importance in term of the total shelter is much more significant15% of the value of global trade 70 times more valuable than its maritime counterpart) .This is due to the fact that air transportation, being more expansive, is drug abused mostly to carry rich freights. Road and railway modes tend to occupy a more marginal portion of international transportation since they are above all modes for national or regional transport services. Their importance is focused on their role in the first and the refinement part of the door to door transportation chain. For this reason they result anyway an important factor that should be considered by a firm in the logistics cookery of the distribution of freight to the customer.As said before the driver of intermodal transportation has been the container, which permits easy handling between modal systems, in fact it is designed to be moved with c ommon handling equipment enabling high-speed intermodal transfers in economically large units between ships, railcars, truck chassis, and barges using a minimum labor. The container, therefore, serves as the debauch unit rather than the cargo contained therein, making it the foremost expression of intermodal transportation.The usage of containers shows the complementarity between freight transportation modes by offering a higher liquidity to movements and a standardization of loads. For logistics managers intermodal transportation offers significant advantages over single mode alternatives. First, intermodal transportation minimizes handling and total transit time, expediting the entire transportation process and and so shortening the customers order cycle time. Second intermodal transportation allows to take advantage of the best characteristics of all modes, permitting to offer the most efficient transport service at the lowest possible price to the customer.Third intermodal mo vement cuts down on theft, loss and transport costs in general by eliminating virtually all handling of individual goods. Another important factor is that intermodal transport uses container and this makes easier tracking the freight during all the transportation process. This is possible thanks to a new technology called RFID (radio frequency ID) a firm (but also a customer) is able to know what assets it has and where they are at every hour.In fact this relatively new technology, that promises to change the way inventories are managed, consists in an RFID device that transmits a signal when it is activated by an RFID receiver. Depending on the device, this signal can have a range as short as 6 feet or as great as 90 feet. The data transmitted can include miscellaneous product identifiers of value to the manufacturer, shipper or purchaser. So the signal emitted by an RFID device can help company tracking the location and quantity of their inventory .The use of RFID in logistics a pplication is one of the pre-eminent fields where the technology can shine. Products can be bring in from points of manufacturer (and even earlier if source components are tracked using RFID) all the way through the distribution chain, and down to the retail level. This new technology has helped many organization solve the main challenge at every node in their supply chains the deficiency of visibility of logistics data. RFID technology is a powerful solution to improves asset visibility, data quality, inventory management, and interoperability in an end-to-end integrated supply chain.In addition the use of this technology allows to reduce costs as replacement costs as well as avoiding shrinkage. It also helps to reduce capital costs, increase customer satisfaction, as well as ensuring the assets are in the correct place at the right time, acquire an important function in the logistics process of a firm. An added advantage is the reusability of these tags, so company, which want greater control over assets and their management, have opted to use RFID and logistics management techniques .victimization RFID and logistics management strategies will serve to improve capital utilization, lower the total operational costs as well as improve the availability of assets. The use of these asset management techniques has improved customer retention significantly. This technique will help improve visibility of assets in transit, availability management of much indispensable assets and transportation management The use of RFID and logistics management techniques are especially useful for manufacturers, where parts bins feed parts in an automated plant, since the placement of the right part in the right place is critical.The company can use these techniques in areas where they have expertise whereas professional help can be sought for areas where they lack control such as transportation, delivery, pick up etc. Companies should consider implementing RFID and logistics ma nagement techniques, as they will greatly benefit from it. It will reduce cost, increase control and availability, decrease chances of loss of assets due to various factors as well as prove to be very economical.In conclusion we can plead that transport is one component of the logistic mix that is undergoing a great deal of change. Intermodal transport is a reflection of the changing nature of transport in general, signifying as it does the logistics managers ability to combine the advantages of two or more modes of transport into one seamless shipment that reaches the customer faster and with less damage than a mode-by-mode routing could providing.Therefore to better control the delivery process of the goods, being able to provide value added to the customer, could be useful for a firm develop a tracking system of the freight from the factory to the final customer. This could be seen as value added logistics service useful to satisfy the customer saving costs at the same time.

Ethnic and Racial Group overview Essay

While I return al appearances believed myself to be reasonably educated close to racial diversity, and non- preconceived opinion against those who come from distinct ethnic backgrounds than my own, this course has taught me that there is much more to the history and reality of Americas struggle to overcome the all too real problem that is prejudice and contrast. I have learned much about my own background and history that I was not previously aware of as well. The history of Prejudice and variety in America dates as far back as to the days of slavery.While to most this is a well-known fact, there are a a couple of(prenominal) facts about my own ethnic history that were not well-known to me until I participated in this course. The fact that stands out the most is that German immigrants ( much(prenominal) as my own grandparents) suffered a reality of segregation in schools and language barriers, not unlike that of todays Mexican Americans. German Americans struggled to establish bi-lingual schools because they were a growing population in America, and the need was apparent.Knowing this opens up a full-length new perspective of my understanding of just how equal we all really are. Because trends in immigration have grown steadily and will continue to grow well into the future, by the year 2050, the U. S. population will experience a culture of diversity so elaborate, and so completely wide spread resulting in America having no choice but to unite, or suffer from mass self-destruction of the worst kind. The challenges of such a diverse America will be apparent in many ways, and there will be some of the same issues of discrimination and prejudice that have always been.With all of the different cultures coming together, there will be inevitable language barriers, which will result in a act issue of segregation among children, and the added challenge of providing them with equal educational opportunities. In the same way that children have to face the challen ges of diversity, so do the adults who will face discrimination and possible insufficient opportunity to move forward based on their race. On the other hand, when faced with such diversity, America as a whole will be forced to accept change, and perhaps finally overcome the issues that it has been faced with for so long.The opportunity will rise, with the variety of diversity, to become educated about those who are around us. Because there will be nothing else to do but find a way to work together, or to fail as nation, I think that the way that we all see one another is going to change significantly. The idea that others are inferior in any way to any other individual will begin to fade, because with so much diversity all around, there will not be a majority, nor a minority. Perhaps equality in racial group numbers will finally be the key to unlock the door to a prejudice-free America.

Left in the Lurch Essay

Jim could give Sara a quick call before the presentation just to be sure it wasnt her he saw at the gas station. Jim could go on with the presentation without Sara and hope that the sides he never received from her will not make a huge impact and do a great job presenting what he has. Jim could also call Sara before the presentation and ask if she can email him her PowerPoint slides. Jim doesnt actually know whether or not Sara is in fact sick or not, nor does he know if that was her at the gas station, but he needs to know her well-being so that he can get her part of the presentation they are supposed to present to the CEO today.Jim can be persistent in taking comprise of the situation his partner put him in by not sending him the needed slides or show up to help present. Jim can show enkindle and enjoy presenting on his own. He can show his confidence in how successful of an outcome his presentation on his own. Jim should go on with his presentation with or without the slides Sa ra never sent and show how confident he is in the work he has done.

The five elements in the rhetorical situation

1. What are the five elements in the rhetorical situation? Use TRACE to help you remember.Text.Reader.Author.Constraints.Exigence.2. How can a reader use the rhetorical situation to analyze an argument essay? How ca a viewer use the rhetorical situation to analyze an watch? How can a writer use the rhetorical situation during the planning phase of writing a paper?They can analyze all objects preceding(prenominal) by using the TRACE analysis.3. Why is the auditory sense important in argument? What types of positions might an audience initially hold?The audience is important because without the audience you have no argument. You will not be able to prove your point with no audience. The audience may initially be a sociable audience, undecided audience, neutral audience, hostile audience, unfamiliar audience, or linked audience.4. What is a discourse biotic community? To what discourse communities do you belong? How does a discourse community help establish commonality ground for its members?A discourse community is a group of people who share a set of discourses, understood as basic values and assumptions, and ways of communicating about those goals. I believe that we all, belong to several discourse communities it would just depend on the situation and what your beliefs are. It establishes common ground by having resources and peers interested in the same beliefs and ideas.5. What is the universal audience? What are the special qualities of this audience? Why is it a useful idea?A universal audience is one with distinct individual differences but also important common qualities. This universal audience is educated, reasonable, normal, adult, and willing to listen.

A Place Where the Sea Remembers: Character Like Candelario Marroquin Essay

In A Place Where the Sea Remembers, the author talks about a lot of unique characters. Candelario Marroquin is a man who has had a very hard life, but now that he has been promoted it looks like his life with Chayo, his wife, is looking up. He is a big character in the book and is greatly affected by component.In the opening of the book, when Candelario Marroquin is first introduced in the humbug, he is painting the door of his house spunky as a celebration that he has just gotten promoted to a salad maker. It is expressed that Cande is very fond of the color blue and all of its meaning to him. As the story goes on, Cande gets fired from the job after he makes an inedible salad, although his boss, Don Gustavo, is the one who had created it.Candelario is affected by many things that go on in the story. For instance, he is indirectly affected by ball up because his sister in law, Marta, gets thwartd. This also ties in with abortion because Marta wants to get an abortion, but Can de offers to take care of the baby once it is born.When he finds out that Chayo also gets pregnant he decides non to take Martas baby because they are unable to take care of both, so then Marta is pressure to have the baby and take care of it on her own as a single(a) parent. Moreover, she becomes desperate and puts a spell on their unborn baby. after on in the story, his nephew Richard, Martas son, dies in a terrible storm and gets washed away into the sea. It can be considered karma that Martas son dies. Candelarios wife Chayo is connected with all of these events as well. It is fate for them that they have a baby and therefore cannot take care of Martas baby, which cause her to do what she did and put a spell on their baby. It is also fate for them that Cande got fired from his job as a salad maker. Most of the events related to Cande that I earlier mentioned are also fate for Marta. Marta and Candes action are closely related. It is also fate that Marta goes to Rememdios to a sk her to put a spell on Cande to change his mind and take her baby.However, Remedios does not want to do that because she does not want Marta going to El Norte, she thinks it will ruin her. Remedios is indirectly affected by rape in this sense. Remedios is someone who is indirectly affected by everything through other characters. People go to her when their relatives die, she is the one who knows how to wrap them up and bury them. She is affected by fate because she is the curandera, the healer, which brings all the populate from Santiago to her, and it is fate that brings her to the sea. Cesar Burgos is not affected by rape or abortion but he I extremely affected by single parenthood and death. Cesar had a wife and three young sons, but one day his wife and two of his kids went on a trip and they died in a car accident. He then had to be a single parent and raise his remaining son, Beto.Fate affects him through these two major events. It is fate that his wife and two kids died, w hich causes his son to change and make him feel guilty for their death. Don Justo is also not affected by rape or abortion, but he is affected by single parenthood and death. He had a wife who died, and had five children at a time and only two survived. Don Justo is strained to take care of his two remaining daughters, he also ends up remarrying As the story continues, he receives a telegram that his oldest daughter Justina died. This causes him to get intoxicated and he then unwillingly kills his own bird. A time after, his dog also dies of old age. All of this is related to fate, it is fate that his life is looking overthrow because of having so much death in his life, but in the end he picks his life back up and lives on. Rafael Beltran is only affected by rape and single parenthood.Rafael does not have a father figure and he lives with with his mother because she is sick. He meets Esperanza through his mother because she has is her nurse. Rafael is indirectly affected by rape because Esperanza was raped when she was 17. Rafael ends up falling in love with Esperanza and they get married. His mother also brings Ines into his life because she is her maid, he teaches her how to write, with that he is able to grow and let go of only being focused on his job and his mother. It is fate that he lives with his sick mother, which brings Esperanza and Ines into his life. Esperanza is only affected by rape and fate. It is fate that she was raped when she was 17 because this causes her to leave her boyfriend at the time and go into a depression. She also takes nursing classes which lead her to become a nurse. This lets her and Rafael fall in love and be together.

Plains Indian Culture in the Late 19th Century Essay

The study of culture helps us understand the rise and fall of unlike tribes during the 19th century America. In this paper, the primary concern is the decline and fall of patents Indian culture in the late 19th century. The Plains Indians are also called brotherhood American Plains or Buffalo Indians who settled the Great Plains (The Plain Indians). The Great Plains is now called the central United States and south-central Canada which has been the long time place for Plains Indians (The Plain Indians).In line with that, at the time of the Civil War, most Plains Indians tribes were independent, resourceful, and capable of defending their integrity. In a span of twenty five years, they were defeated, demoralized, and dependent on the United States government. With that, we are convinced that there is a need to examine and trace the cultural development of the Plains Indians during the late 19th century. The Plains Indian culture is privileged for its remnants are even known today.H owever, the culture of the Plains Indians was destroyed and altered from the time the white settlers transferred into the region where they are found (The Plain Indians). There are some(prenominal) devastating effects brought out by the existence of white settlers in the region. First, the hunting economy of the Plains Indians was considered obsolete as the white settlers established the extermination of the buffalo. As a result, the hunting economy was crippled which moved(p) so many members of the tribe.Second, the introduction of metal utensils and cloth by the white settlers ca rehearsed the collapse of the native crafts industry. The use of manufactured articles dominated the region and merchants of native products faced a tremendous decrease of business profits (The Plain Indians). And third, the concept of the division of labor was affected due to the introduction of the plow in farming endeavors. Besides, rare diseases and warfare with white settlers displaced many Plains Indians which caused their dependence on the American government.Another ordinary withal exquisite culture of Plain Indians is the relevance of women to the development of their culture. Plain Indian women during the late 19th century are capable to displaying myriad talents in congress to music, arts, literature, and even ancient entrepreneurship (McCoy 1). However, the crucial role of Plain Indian women in their cultural development has been poorly understood when the white settlers begin to alter their periodical activities (McCoy 1).In fact, the Plains Indian women as a minority group provided a strong influence on the history of the country (Conlin 1). Women played a racy role to the economy at that time since they are able to work in fields and work household chores at the same time. If not because of the disconfirming impact of the white settlers, the Plains Indians could keep their culture intact. Finally, the culture of the Plains Indians is rich and peculiar as shown i n films and television shows.The truth is that the Plains Indian tribes tried hard to encourage their cultural development not to be corrupted by the white settlers. These people primarily earn a living through farming and hunting. Plains Indian women are also instrumental in the development of the arts, literature, music and commerce. However, the culture of the Plains Indians was destroyed due to the introduction of manufactured products and the extermination of buffalo led by the white settlers.Eventually, the cultural development of the region was diminished and altered and the Plain Indians were demoralized forcing them to depend so much on the American government.Works CitedMcCoy, Ron. 24 September 2007. Collectors Guide. . February 6, 2009 http//www. collectorsguide. com/fa/fa094. shtml . The Plains Indians. 2009. 50 MEGS Website. February 6, 2009 . Conlin, Joseph. The American Past A Survey of American History. United States of America Wadsworth Publishing Company, 2006.

Business Regulations

Business Entities, Laws, and Regulations Paper Dorian Rowe BUS/415 Shaun Koenig November 14, 2011 Businesses in every attention wee-wee to deal with entities, laws, and regulations. Management teams have to take into account items such as consideration of guard, taxation, and indebtedness issues among others. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the restaurant/bar, professional practice, and construction scenarios. For each scenario the worry entity that represents the best pickax for each business, ownership structure, taxation, and liability issues for consideration.Identification of laws and regulations each business moldiness consider in give waying line the business, and identification of risks against which each business must protect itself will also be examined for each scenario. Scenario 1 Cynthia and Mark plan to open a sports bar and restaurant where customers socialize and watch sporting events on large-screen TVs that hang around the bar. They do not have much money, alone they do have Sandra, a wealthy investor who does not have time to participate in the business, but deprivations to provide capital to start the business in return for a percentage ownership (University of Phoenix, 2010).The business entity that represents the best choice for this business is a general partnership that two or more people can direct. Taking control would consist with the three co-owners to make a partnership agreement in which each partner has suitable rights in which to participate in the managing and controlling of the business. A majority rules over disagreements within the partnership locating and amendments to the agreement would submit consent from all three owners. Each individual is responsible for his or her tax forms.Liability issues that should be taken into consideration include the unlimited personal liability for company loses, for a partners debts, for a partners transgressions. Laws and regulations the business must consider in sta rting time the business deal with duration that technically a general partnership terminates with withdrawal of a co-owner, finish or disability and sharing profits. Scenario 2 Renaldo and Naomi have just completed all educational and existential requirements to be licensed as obstetricians. They want to open a birth clinic together.They will take step forward a large loan to finance start-up costs (University of Phoenix, 2010). Renaldo and Naomi are newly license as obstetricians and want to open a birth clinic together. Both will need to take out a spacious loan to finance their start-up amounts. Renaldo and Naomi would be best to create a limited liability partnership (LLP) to imprint their business. By forming the LLP, the partners protect themselves from liability beyond their initial capital contribution should the partnership fail or face a lawsuit.Members of an LLP are also not personally liable for the malpractice of one partner and states require LLP to carry substanti al liability insurance in exchange for this limited liability. The limited liability protects Renaldo and Naomi from fetching personal responsibility for the loan they will take out should the business become insolvent (Cheeseman, 2010). Forming an LLP finds that Renaldo and Naomi wait control of their business because they are the only shareholders. For tax purposes, an LLP is not taxed as a separate entity so Akiva Renaldo and Naomi will only pay tax for the business profits on their individual tax returns.To form their LLP, Renaldo and Naomi will need to write and file articles of partnership in the state in which they wish to operate. If they guide to conduct business in another state, they will first need to register as a foreign LLP with that state. Organizing their business as a limited liability partnership offers Renaldo and Naomi the best combination of liability protection, tax benefits, and control of their business (Cheeseman, 2010). Scenario 3 Mei-Lin is the hiring manager for Surebuild, Inc. , a new construction company. She has advertised a position as a air hammer operator.The positions description states that the successful applicant must have a postgraduate condition diploma. The following people apply for the position Donna, 35, who appears to be pregnant, is a steep school graduate, and was formerly employed as a jackhammer operator Duane, 55, who is experienced with a jackhammer, but has no high school diploma Rick, who is 38, does not speak English, has no high school diploma, but is experienced with a jackhammer and Jennifer, 23, a college graduate, who is epileptic and has no experience with a jackhammer (University of Phoenix, 2010).Duane and Rick automatically do not qualify because they do not have a high school diploma that is a specified requirement in the job description. Donna and Jennifer do because they each have a diploma and from there the employee with the most experience should be hired. As an epileptic the America ns with Disabilities Act (ADA) protects Jennifer, but because Donna has experience and Jennifer does not Donna is more qualified. Although Donna is pregnant the employment law and regulation with which the business must adopt in making a decision would be the amended 1964 Pregnancy Discrimination Act from the agnomen VII of the Civil Rights Act.The Pregnancy Discrimination Act covers employers with more than 15 employees including local and state establishment governments, employment agencies, labor organizations. The basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions constitutes unlawful sex discrimination downstairs Title VII, and to the federal government. The Pregnancy Discrimination Act says that an employer simply cannot refuse to hire a charr who is pregnant because of pregnancy, pregnancy-related conditions or because of the bias of fellow coworkers or customers.In this scenario Donna is fully qualified for the job because of her high school diploma and her p revious experience as a jackhammer operator, therefore pregnancy cannot be the reason she is not hired. Each business decision is unique and requires research to determine what solution is position for the business. Every organization must consider the different types of business entities, laws, and regulations before and during operating. Laws and regulations provide the framework to contour of local, state, and federal business laws.Stakeholder understanding and knowledge of these laws is essential to compliance. Documented training and retraining of management and employees should ensure compliance. References Cheeseman, H. R. (2010). The legal environment of business and online commerce (6th ed. ). Retrieved from https//ecampus. phoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/TOC. aspx? assetdataid=fb9bdcea-ca02-48cc-b883-c1cf12695559&assetmetaid=61859383-2c36-48f5-8ac2-4a24e5c61e14 University of Phoenix. (2010). Syllabus. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, BUS 415 website

Reclining Nude

Faith Kim Prof. Hight Introduction to Visual liberal arts 4 June 2012 Reclining nude person The artwork is called Reclining nude painting by Jean-Antoine Watteau and I found this artwork in the Norton Simon Museum. I was captivated by the sensuality and the delicacy in the pic. I first noticed in the moving picture was her robust ivory figure secernate with the dark chocolate background because I felt that these contrasting discolours evoked a whiz of purity and light against the mysterious darkness. She seems to have turned near and noticed something. Perhaps someone just entered the room and surprised her or she could have been waiting for her lover.I in like manner noticed that in this painting, that there argon only three objects the bash, the girl, and the dark background. This painting seemed so frank to me and yet I felt there was so much more than than to it. What was it about her that was so circumscribed? Why was she painted? These thoughts whirled in my head as I looked at this masterpiece. I studied this paintings importance by researching the important formal elements that composed this artwork such as color and light, the historical context in which the artwork was made, and Watteaus intent for this artwork.These factors have contri justed in the Reclining Nudes significance not only for me, exactly in art history. I first analyzed the fashion of the formal elements-the color and shape- and Watteaus skill sets in the Reclining Nude. The womans creamy pink remove is wonderfully warm and sensuous against the ivory-white of the bedclothes and the dark, chocolate-brown of the background (Posner 385). The creamy color adds vitality to the woman and distinguishes her from the blanch white bed sheets, thus giving the effect that her skin has a marvelous translucence (Posner 385).The translucency of her skin could possibly imply her innocence and purity. The rosy blush decl atomic number 18s the young girl a sense of modesty that even though she might be alone and lying comfortably on her bed she is aware of her nudity. Her shape and weightof the breasts and the firm flesh of her stomachare exactly defined by varying values and densities of the paint surface (Posner 385). Watteau must have applied a certain enumerate of weight in applying the paint, to give the painting life. This made the boldly painted bedding seem cheery and responsive to the weight of the lithesome figure (Posner 385).His brushwork is free and broad, especially around the womans right(a) elbow where there is apparently a lack of clarity about the relationship of weight jut (Posner 385). Despite these irregularities, the pictures handling and description of forms are typical of Watteau (Poser 385). Watteau was known for his freedom of the hand, the brightness of touch, a subtlety in the profiles of heads and the drawing of hair, the expressiveness of the figures and compositions, and the pervasive feeling of his artworks (Oxford).Watteau used the Rococo style in the Reclining Nude and this certain style reflected the change in mentality during 18th century France. According to fraud A Brief History, The Rococo style may be seen partly as a reception at all levels of night club, even among kings and bishops, against the Grand Manner of Baroque art, indentified with formality and rigidity of seventeenth-century court life (Stokstad 412). The Baroque style prior to the Rococo style magnified the grandeur of the powerful-the royalty and nobility.They were represent as godlike and were painted in a formal and rigid manner. Rococo was a much more relaxed notion and is characterized by pastel colors, delicately curving forms, dainty figures, and lightheartedness (Stokstad 412). The Reclining Nude represents these ideas of the Rococo style. Her eubstance has a delicate curve especially around her hips adjacent to the dark background and her fingers are so delicate, it seems as if she has never used them before.During this time was the early emergence of the Enlightenment when radical technological advances and changes in philosophy were happening (Stokstad 469). People were starting to become curious, questioned their surroundings, and were conceptualiseing more realistically. The change in Frances notion is reflected in the Reclining Nude. The woman is more humanized with her lying comfortably than posing like a goddess in stupendous fashion. Also, the details of her anatomy, such as the indent of fat between her left breast and hip, give her a more realistic look as well.The Reclining Nude carries the characteristics of the Rococo style and embodies the cultural foment of France. No one knows for certain the true meaning behind Watteaus Reclining Nude. There are theories that Reclining Nude has no meaning and is a simply a copy of Watteaus other artwork, The Remedy. The Remedy shows the same(p) reclining nude woman who appears in the painting. But in addition, it includes a maid with a syrin ge approach her mistress to administer an enema, and also a night-table at the left and more of the bed at the empennage of the composition (Posner 386).Only difference is that in the Reclining Nude, the focal point is not the action between the woman and her nurse, but just the woman. However, Watteau might have intended for the painting to be an erotic artwork. Watteau might have portrayed her as the ideal woman and to make love to this woman is as beautiful as her. This sign of work would have reflected the intellectual and social libertinism especially in France (Posner 387). Expressing eroticism such as this was radical, but so was the culture and time period of France.The woman has also been noted to be a cultural goddess for she is wonderfully seductive and shares the modesty of a pagan goddess (Posner 388). Unlike what art historians and theorist say, I deal that Watteaus intent was for us to just relax like her and enjoy the beauty of life. I think he would have wanted us to unwind and shift our focus from materials and more into the natural beauty. Watteau definitely displayed characteristics of the Rococo style and might have meant to use this style to display some very simplex and yet beautiful forms of life.Instead of the opulence of the rich like in the Baroque style, he focused more on the natural beauty. He points out the delicacies and the loveliness of the woman that further attribute to her exquisiteness. Although there are many things I would love to know more about the Reclining Nude, I have learned a lot from my research. I feel satisfied of my discoveries and researching the Reclining Nude has reminded of the great importance art history is in our society. Studying art history gives us glimpses of life during those time periods.They show us their people, cultures, styles, etc. Utilizing art, we are able to study from past people, cultures, and styles and therefore, apply this knowledge for the future. Jean-Antoine Watteaus Reclinin g Nude provides history and meaning to society and can be studied to understand the mentality then, compared to how we are today. The visual techniques, the historical context, and the meaning of the Reclining Nude have helped enlighten me about this paintings significance on myself and in art history.

The Analysis of the Uk Supermarket and Tesco

The analysis of the UK super market place and Tesco Introduction The authority of supermarket is becoming far much evidentiaryly in unremarkable life. Consumers could see varied kind of brands and varying goods. The role of the supermarket is tried to satisfy the consumers demands. Since the supermarket came out(p), the advantages much(prenominal) as low scathe and price, much whatsis polish off the supermarket develop quickly. As a impression of the rapid development, the supermarket plays an important role in the retail industry. It non only saves prominent amounts of labor large(p) and operating apostrophize, but improves the shop environment.In this essay I pull up stakes vex a specific analysis of the UK supermarket system through economic theories. Firstly, I will dismantle the situation of the UK supermarket via Five Forces Model (Michael Porter 1979). And then, I will select the largest supermarket in UK, Tesco, to analyse the schema of this sure by vi ctimization the foster chain (Michael Porter 1985). Tesco is the largest British retailer both by global and domestic market constituent. And it is the third largest retailer in the world followed the Wal-Mart and Carrefour.Tesco opens around 2,440 stores and employing more than 400,000 people. Tesco has entered into argonas such(prenominal) as clothes, electronics, financial proceedss, internet services and gas stations. Currently, the market sell of the retailer in UK is more than 30 percent. As of March 2008, Tesco could be found in every postcode of the UK. Five forces analysis The aim of the five forces model illustrated by Michael Porter (1979) is to analyze an industry to determine that which forces can work on the industry strongly so that the firm could make the best position in this industry.And the five forces take on the scourge of new entrants the part of buyers the power of providers the threat of fill out products and the warring rivalry among the exist co mpanies. panic of new entrants Firstly, the threat of new entrants is rather low. It is pretty difficult for new entrants to enter the UK supermarket beca call of many barriers such as economies of scale, capital requirements of entry, cost advantages, differentiation, etc. There ar many supermarkets in UK and the four largest Tesco, Sainsburys, Asda and Morrison flyer for 75. percent of the UK supermarket in the 12 weeks ending 1 November 2009 (Wikipedia). For new entrants, it is difficult to occupy the market share of the UK supermarket in current structure. The graduation barrier is that mild scale of supermarket could non create high margin. It is prerequisite for the entrants to consider the capital requirement according to the large scale of the operation. Many supermarket firms like Tesco and Asda have the cost advantages in supplication factor and different economic factors.It makes a large barrier for new firms to enter the market because of the disadvantages in cos t requirement. Comparing the existing firms, the new enters need more cost and capital to establish the new brand and the access to marketing channels in order to attract the consumers. The existing supermarkets have built the famous brands, stable consumer groups and distribution channels. The strength of the brand name and channels could be a very powerful mean to build a barrier to entry. In order to come up the market stable, government also has the ability to establish a barrier.For instance, if the government can make a determination that how many supermarkets could be established in single region, as a result, the entrants will not be limited to build new facilities. And the new entrants may require many licenses from the government of other legal branches in order to buy the farm. That is also a type of barrier for entry. The existing companies will make a specific analysis aim at the threat of the new entrants and then publish relevant measures to prevent the entrants to enter the supermarket system. There are so many barriers for new entrants to enter the supermarket system that the threat of them is rather low.Power of the buyer Secondly, the power of the buyer is not strong as well. People need their routine life products, so they must do shop. For the large supermarkets, there are many factures influence the buyers natural selection such as the comfortable shopping environment, convenient transportation, free parking, etc. However, because of the homogeneity of these factors, what the consumers concern more is the price of the products. Different play along makes different price strategy based on the respective position. Clubcard of Tesco is the companys customer loyalty programme the port of saying thank you to consumers.It is pretty popular that the build of active member increased over 15 million from 13 million at the take down of 2008/9. Clubcard is a main reason for consumers who prefer the Tesco rather than other competitors. Pow er of the supplier Thirdly, the power of the supplier is also low. The majority of the products in different supermarket are homogeneity. Many large firms like Tesco and Asda have the matching operating style and advanced purchase measures. So, there are many suppliers for the supermarkets to choose and purchase products.And because of the small(a) retailers purchasing power is much lower than the supermarkets. At eventually, most of the products will be sent to the large supermarkets. Threat of the substitute Fourthly, the threat of the substitute is not high. As the substitute of the supermarkets, the small single retailers are pretty convenient for consumers. People could buy fresh seafood, vegetable and fruit from the respective markets instead of the supermarkets. And there are many advantages just round the retailers, for instance, many small retailers are built near the residential areas, the lever of products is pretty full.However, since the operating cost is high, i f the retailers want to view as margin, they have to make the price higher than the supermarket. entirely as the industry leader, there is no doubt that the Tesco Group would not give up the share of small retailer market. So the Tesco Express and One Stop came out. The Tesco Express stores are neighborhood convenience stores whose average size are about 200m2, stocking mainly food with an emphasis on higher-margin products and daily essentials. They are established in busy city centre districts, small shopping precincts in residential areas, small towns and illages. And the size of One Stop is much smaller than the Express. At the end of its 2010-2011 financial years, the shape of the Tesco Express and One Stop were 1285 and 599(Wikipedia). Because of the famous brand of the Tesco, most people prefer to buy the daily products in the Express or One Stop. According to Datamonitor (2010), there are 960 Express stores which sell slightly 7,000 products and 170 Metro stores which s ell a range of food products in villages and city centres.As a consequence of the brand and more types of products of the supermarket, the threat of the substitute is rather low for the supermarket. Competitive rivalry among the existing firms The last one is the emulous rivalry among the existing firms. And the threat of competitive rivalry is considered very high in the UK supermarket industry. The four largest supermarkets Tesco, ASDA, Sainsburys and Morrisons account for 30. 5%, 16. 9%, 16. 3% and 12. 3% of the UK supermarket in the 12 weeks to 27 celestial latitude 2009. (Wikipedia) And the market share of ASDA increases from to 16. % during the year 2010/ 09, meanwhile, Sainsburys share rises to 16. 3% and Morrisons reaches 12. 3% from 11. 3%(Euromonitor, 2010). The opposition of these firms is pretty strong in this industry in order to win the market share and the ambition could make the market develop much faster. It is very significant for these firms to create many inno vative measures to obtain more market share. Most products are homogeneity for consumers so that the seller should pay more assistance to the piece and quality of the products.Hence, based on the quality guarantee of the goods, firms try to occupy more market through the lower price and better services. By the analysis above, the threat of the competitive rivalry among the different firms is highly strong but other threats are not strong enough. So, the supermarkets in UK should lick out more effective measures to attract consumers in order to occupy the market. Value chain analysis The value chain was developed by Porter (1985) in order to analyze a firm to estate the sources of competitive advantage. There are two activities including main(a) winding activities and get activities. The primary activities are those that concerned about physically creating the product or service and transferring it to the buyer, together with any necessary after sales service. The support act ivities are those activities that are necessary to ensure that the primary activities can be completed. The support activities can collide with any one or more of the primary activities. The primary includes inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and service and the support activities includes firm infrastructure, adult male imagination management, technology development and procurement.The first primary exercise is the inbound logistics. It is considered that the inbound logistics includes receiving goods from suppliers, storing goods, transporting goods and taking goods to the shelves. Tesco uses the leading position as the key power to reduce the be from the suppliers and keep the stable of consumers selection. Meanwhile, it also improves the efficiency and the distribution system. As well, the company provides more effective way to control and reduce the costs of damaged goods. As a result, it could avoid the extra costs be transferred to the consumers.It needs to think about its operation active. The firm could do many operations such as providing products and service and keeping the shelves full as the daily task. In order to gain more competitive advantages, it is necessary for the company to take a consideration about reducing the operating costs. Tesco makes full use of the intelligence technology (IT) system in order to make the company control the operative cost effectively. This firm has spent more than 76 million pounds on narrowing the operation time by the digital program by the 2010. And during the 2009, the profit of the Tesco was reached 550 million pounds.The measure of Tesco provides much convenience for staff to operate the service. Accompanied by the operation, they will have outbound logistics problems. It is concentrating on delivering the goods to the customer. Currently, Tesco adds the home delivery service. However, there are many methods need to be improved such as parking facilities, handcarts, staff and systems to get competitive advantage. If it could be implemented more effectively than other firms, it would make their consumers save more time. And the staff could make the facilities easy and convenient for consumers to get quickly.Tesco has the leadership and effective outland logistics. The company has invented many measures to satisfy consumers demands like the small Express and one-step stores and fast door-to-door delivery service. It is very important to considering the marketing and sales. The next one is the marketing and sales. As the leading company, Tesco has its strategy to attach to consumers. The Tesco Clubcard is invented to attract more people to go shopping to Tesco instead of other competitors. Consumers who keep the cards can get much discounts and integration. Actually, advertisement is necessary as well.Tesco could attract more consumers by the advertisement via the television, radio and local newspaper. And they could get much information about th e products and discounts. After selling, service becomes the most significant active. As the principle of fast and easy, when the consumers enter into the supermarket, the warm shopping environment may make them relaxed. Various sectors are responsible for their respective responsibilities staffs provide the best private service to consumers so that consumers can go shopping easily and comfortably. All of these reflect the intimate service for consumers. Here are the support activities.The procurement is the procedure of obtaining the various contributions to the primary activities. The key point of the firm infrastructure is planning, finance and controlling the system to improve the firms strategic ability. The company should condense on improving the establishment of the infrastructure so that consumers could go shopping more convenient. The human resource management includes recruitment management and staff development. The aim of the Tesco is to add differert types of schemes and develop the recruitment plan, then formulate more excellent staff to provide the best service for consumers.The development of technology is a significant competitive advantage for a company. The advanced technological level could add higher brand value. Tesco is the first supermarket that invented the self-checkout in UK. And it provides great convenience to consumers. Conclusion In this essay, I analyse the UK supermarket industry by using Five Forces (Michael Porter 1979) firstly. Through the analysis, it is clearly that the threat of new entrants, the power of buyers, the power of suppliers, the threat of substitute products are pretty low for UK supermarket industry.The firms in UK do not pay much attention to those threats above. The power of competitive rivalry among the existing companies is very strong. The competition among the existing supermarkets is rather drastic. All companies need to figure out effective strategies in order to prevent their consumers changing t heir brand selections. And secondly, I analyse the value chain (Michael Porter 1985) of Tesco. As the largest retailer in UK, Tesco has an excellent industrial chain for supply and demand. The primary activities could ensure the firm can gain more margins by perfect supply chain management, operation, sales and service.Read also Reed Supermarkets a New Wave of CompetitorsThe support activities like great human resource management, advanced IT system provide support to ensure the primary activities could be operated. With the excellent primary activities and support activities, Tesco obtains more than 30 percent market share in UK. Reference Porter, M E (1980) Competitive Strategy techniques for analyzing industries and competitors (Free Press) Johnson, G and Scholes, K (2007) Exploring Corporate Strategy (Prentice Hall) Besanko, D Dranove, D Shanley, M and Scharfer, S (2007), Eonomics of Strategy (Wiley) Porter M E (1985) Competitive Advantage (Free Press) Tesco available at ttp//ww w. slideshare. net/j4g2r/tesco-presentation development the UK core available at http//ar2011. tescoplc. com/business-review/growing-the-uk-core. html Tesco share turnaround (plus an update on grocery price inflation available at TNS Global http//www. tnsglobal. com/news/news56F59E8A99C8428989E9BE66187D5792. aspx Euromonitor (2010), Industry Profile Food retailing, Euromonitor International, 2010 Tesco available at http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tesco Tesco (2010), Annual Report and Review 2010, Tesco. Available at http//ar2010. tescoplc. com/en/downloads. aspx

Expanding Nation Essay

In the 1830s and 40s the western consummation of population left(p) the valley of the Mississippi behind and penetrated the Far West all the commission to the Pacific. Pioneers pursued fertile grime and economical opportunity beyond the existing boundaries of the unite States and thus helped enclothe the stage for the annexations and international crises of the 1840s. Some went for material gain, differents for adventure, and a significant minority sought releasedom from phantasmal persecution.But what perpetually their reasons for migrating, they brought American attitudes and loyalties into regions that were already occupied or at least claimed by Mexico or Great Britain. Whether they realized it or not, these pioneers were the vanguard of American expansionism. The domestic controversies aroused by the Mexican warfare and the propaganda of Manifest Destiny revealed the limits of the mid-nineteenth century American expansionism and put a damper on additional attacks to uphold the nations boundaries.Concerns about slavery and race impeded acquisition of new grunge in Latin America and the Caribbean. Resolution of the Oregon dispute clearly indicated that the United States was not willing to go to war with a powerful adversary to obtain large chunks of British North America, and the old dreaming of incorporating Canada rapidly faded. After 1848, American growth usually took the form of populating and developing the vast territory already acquired. The expansionists of the 1840s saw a clear link between acquisition of new territory and other forms of material growth and development.In 1844 Samuel F. B. Morse perfected and demonstrated his electric telegraph, a device that would get to it possible to communicate rapidly over the expanse of a continental nation. Simultaneous, the railroad was becoming more and more important as a means of moving people and goods over the same great distances. Improvements in manufacturing and agricultural methods led to an upsurge in the volume and range of internal trade, and the beginnings of mass immigration were providing charitable resources for the exploitation of new areas and economic opportunities.After gold was discovered in newly acquired calcium in 1848, a flood of emigrants from the East and several foreign nations arrived by ship or wagon train, their appetites whetted by the thoughts of striking it rich. The gold they unearthed spurred the national economy, and the rapid growth of population centers on the Pacific Coast providential projects for transcontinental telegraph lines and railroad tracks. When the spirit of Manifest Destiny and the thirst for acquiring new territory waned after the Mexican War, the expansionist impulse turned inward.The technological advances and population increased of the 1840s proceed during the 50s. The result was an acceleration of economic growth, a substantial increase in industrialization and urbanization, and the exit of a new take fo rming associate (Billington, 1956). The first movement west aimed not for the nearby plains nevertheless for California and Oregon on the continents far shore. It started in the 1849 Gold Rush to California and in the next three exs perhaps as many as half a zillion individuals do the long journey.Some walked others rode horses alone or in small groups. About half fit great caravans, numbering 150 wagons or more, that inched across the 2000 miles between the Missouri River and the Pacific Coast. More oftentimes than not men made the decision to make the crossing. Wives either went with their husbands or faced being left behind. Four out of five men on the over state trail had picked up stakes and go before, some of them several times. People moved west for many reasons.Some sought adventure others valued to escape the drab routine of factory or city life. Many moved to California for their health. What ever the specific reasons about people moved west to better their lot. On the whole their timing was good, for as a nations population grew, so did the demand for the livestock and the agricultural mineral and lumber products of the expanding West. Opposite to senior(a) historical views the West did not act as a major safety valve or an exit for social and economic tensions.The poor and unemployed did not perk up the means to move there and pee farms. Most people moved West in good times, in periods of rising prices, of expanding demand, when the prospects for making gold from this new land looked brightest and this aspect characterized the whole pattern of settlement and greatly improved the whole of the economic growth for the U. S. In the last three decades of the nineteenth century a flood of settlers ventured into Americas newest and last west (Jones, 1960).The West became a great colonial empire, harnessed to eastern capital and level(p) increasingly to national and international markets. Western economies depended to an unusual degree on th e federal government, which subsidized their railroads, distributed their land, and played out zillions of dollars for the upkeep of soldiers and Indians. Regional variations persisted and Westerners re main(prenominal)ed proud of their hardy, individualistic traditions. Yet they imitated the Easts social, cultural, and political patterns.By the 1890s the West of the buffalo and Indian was gone, and instead there were cities and towns, health resorts, Paris fashion and the latest magazines. The confines line had reached the edge of the timber country of Missouri by 1840. Beyond lay an enormous land of rolling prairies, parched deserts, and rugged, majestic mountains. Emerging from the timber country, travelers first encountered the Great Plains. These lands were treeless, nearly flat, and an endless ocean of grassy hillocks.The Prairie Plains, the eastern part of the region, enjoyed rich soil and good rainfall it included parts of mystify day Wisconsin, Minnesota, the Dakotas, Ne braska, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. To the west covering Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona were called the High Plains. They were rough, semiarid, rising gently to the foothills of the Rocky Mountains (Faragher, 1979). The pilot program incentive to mechanize northern industry and agriculture came in part from a shortage of meretricious labor.Compared with the industrializing nations of Europe, the United States of the early nineteenth century was a labor-scarce economy. Since it was difficult to absorb able-bodied men to work for low salarys in factories or on farms, women and children were used extensively in the early stuff mills, and commercial farmers had to rely heavily on the labor of their family members. In the face of such limited and indeterminate labor supplies, producers were greatly tempered to experiment with labor saving machinery.By the 1840s and 50s industrialization had reached a point where it could readily absorb a new influx of unskilled workers. Factories involve increasing numbers of unskilled operatives, and railroad builders needed construction gangs. The growth of industrial work opportunities helped attract a multitude of European immigrants during the two decades before the Civil War (Fishlow, 1965). Between 1820 and 1840 an estimated 700,000 immigrants arrived in the United States, mainly from the British Isles and German-speaking areas of continental Europe.During the 1840s this substantial flow suddenly became a flood. No less than 4,200,000 crossed the Atlantic between 1840 and 1860, and about 3 jillion of these arrived in the bingle decade between 1845 and 1855. This was the greatest influx in proportion to total population that the nation has ever experienced. The largest single source of the new mass immigration was Ireland, but Germany was not far behind. This massive transatlantic movement had many causes some people were pushed out of their homes, while others were pulled toward America.The great push factor that caused a million and a half Irish to forsake the Emerald Isle was the great potato famine. Escape to America was made possible by the low fares then prevailing on sailing ships bound from England to North America. The million or so Germans who also came in the late 1840s and early 50s were around more fortunate. Most of them were also peasants, but they fled hard times rather than outright catastrophe. What attracted or pulled most of the Irish, German and other European immigrants to America, was the promise of economic opportunity (Jones, 1992).By 1860 industrial expansion and immigration had created a working class of men and women who seemed destined for a life of low paid wage labor. This reality stood in contrast to Americas self image as a land of opportunity and upward mobility. Wage labor was popularly viewed as a temporary condition from which workers were hypothetical to extricate themselves by hard work and frugality. According to Abraham Lincoln in 1 850 of the Norths free labor society, there is no such thing as a freeman being fatally fixed for life, in the condition of a hired laborer.This ideal still had some validity in rapidly developing regions of the western states, but it was mostly myth when applied to the increasingly foreign innate(p) industrial workers of the Northeast. Both internal and external expansion had come at a heavy cost. Tensions associated with class and ethnic rivalries were only one part of the price of rapid economic development. The acquisitions of new territories became politically divisive and would soon lead to a catastrophic sectional controversy.From the late 1840s to the Civil War, the United States was a divided society in more than one sense, and the need to control or resolve these conflicts presented politicians and statesmen with a monumental challenge (Gutman, 1976). Many have searched for the underlying causes of the crisis leading to the disruption of the Union but have failed to agree on exactly what they were. Some have stressed the clash of economic interests between agrarian and industrializing regions. But this interpretation does not reflect the way people at the time expressed their concerns.The main issues in the sectional debates of the 1850s were whether slavery was right or wrong and whether it should be extended or contained. Disagreements over protective tariffs and other economic measures allegedly benefiting one section or the other were clearly secondary. It has never been clear why the interests of northern industry and those of the Souths commercial agriculture were irreconcilable. From a purely economic point of view, there was no necessity for producers of raw materials to go to war with those who marketed or produced them.The critical period of Civil War diplomacy was in 1861 to 1862 when the South was making every effort to induce foreign powers to recognize its independence and break the Union blockade. The hope that England and France could be persuaded to involve themselves in the war on the Confederate side stemmed from the fact that these nations depended on the South for three lodge of their cotton supply. In the case of Britain, the uninterrupted production of cotton textile appeared essential to economic successfulness (Stampp, 1950).

Descriptive Research Article Essay

descriptive interrogation plays an important determination in educational research beca use it has greatly increased our knowledge about what happens in the classroom. What is descriptive research? Descriptive research freighter involve collecting duodecimal information, or it put up describe categories of information much(prenominal) as patterns of moveion when using technology in the classroom. Although it may employ fundamentals of both quantitative and qualitative research, descriptive research does not fit neatly into the definition of either quantitative or qualitative research methodology. Descriptive research takes a what is approach. Types of questions that may be addressed using descriptive research complicate What is the best modality to provide access to computer equipment in schools? Do teachers wait favorable attitudes toward using computers in schools? What have been the reactions of school administrators to technological inductions in teaching? Using desc riptive research methodologies with the educational setting may be advantageous for several reasons.Educational research and experiences may contain m both variables that cannot be realistically controlled, educational research may have a bun in the oven observations of life experiences, and info array may be spread everywhere a large number of people over a large geographic atomic number 18a. Descriptive research may be utilize nearly effectively within the educational setting because educational research experiences cannot be as realistically controlled as lab experiments. In contrast to labour partyatory experiences, descriptive research is valuable because it allows for the human element of research. Four of the most common ways to collect information for descriptive research include surveys, interviews, observations, and portfolios. These may be utilize singly or in various combinations depending on the research question to be addressed.Used in the simplest way, surv eys may be used to reveal summary statistics by showing responses to all possible questionnaire items. For instance, 30% of the participants agreed, 50% disagreed, and 20% had no opinion. Descriptive results of this type atomic number 18 typical of survey research in education and frequently provide leads in identifying needed changes. Survey information may in addition be used to explore relationships between two or more variables. Rather than limit their research to angiotensin converting enzyme variable, researchers can investigate relationships in the survey info and have a more substantial research contribution. Two critical components of survey research ar sound methodology and well- designed data collection instruments. Data collection instruments should be designed to collect information in a way that ordain consecrate quantifiable results, and they should be distributed to all subjects so that data can be summarized and compared.Surveys can be in the form of writt en questionnaires, personal interviews, or telephone interviews. Factors to be considered in choosing a data collection method include sampling, type of population, question form, question content, response set ups, costs, available facilities, length of data collection, and computer-assisted techniques for data collection. Face-to-face interviews and telephone interviews are a second method of data collection. Interviews are more time efficient, allow the research to establish a rapport with the respondent, and allow the acquisition of more in-depth information. They also allow the interviewer to observe the respondent and obtain visual cues. Disadvantages of personal interviews are that they require more stave time and travel. Telephone interviews may be particularly advantageous because they are less(prenominal) expensive and less time consuming. They can also employ random dialing for a more random survey sample.However, limitations survive because of limited telephone access and the interviewers inability to observe the respondent and obtain visual cues. send out questionnaires provide some particularly important advantages, including the ability to reach large numbers of people crosswise a wide geographic region. Other advantages include the ease and low cost of distribution, the minimal occur of staff and facilities needed, and the ability of respondents to respond in their own time frame. Disadvantages include lower response rate and the need to take design a survey instrument with a simple format. A garner of transmittal should accompany mailed questionnaires. The letter of transmittal should state the purpose and importance of the research, the importance of responding to the research, a time frame to respond, a confidentiality statement, an offer to share results, and a thank-you to the respondent. To obtain the best results, good surveys should use good questioning techniques.They should use complete sentences and offer a limited set of answer s. Surveys should be fire and should be worded so that the questions mean the same to everyone. They should inform participants about the kinds of answers that are appropriate and should provide definitions for any terms that might be confusing. The third way to collect information for descriptive research, observational research methods, has long been used across a number of disciplines. Observational methods are concerned with naturally occurring ways detect in natural contexts or in contexts that are contrived to be realistic. Since observational research methods require direct observation of behavior, galore(postnominal) consider it superior to other methods because the data are gather directly without intermediary instruments such(prenominal) as tests or questionnaires. Observational research methods can yield a riches of valuable information, but it can be a complicated process.Some problems associated with observational research include defining and developing coding sch emes, training perceivers, experiencing technical errors. Yet observational research can yield invaluable descriptions that other research methodologies cannot. Observational research methods can be employed productively to substantiate many another(prenominal) purposes in the area of educational technology. It can be used to determine how people interact with technology in various stages of design and implementation. Research questions may consist of questions such as How do learners interact with a new hardware system? How do learners respond to and interact with a particular(prenominal) program? Observation makes it possible both to explore the implementation of a particular technological innovation and assess the instructional outcomes. Two types of observational research are structured observations and unstructured observations. Structured observations are rigid and controlled.A hypothesis, methods for recording data and analyzing data, as well as, what, how, when, and where to observe are established forward the observation takes place. Unstructured observations are used to determine unselective, detailed, continuous description of behavior. Unintended effects are best detected through unstructured observation. However, a disadvantage of unstructured observation is the time and labor required to collect and analyze sets of extensive observations. Once observational variables are identified, an observation form can be developed. These may be paper and pencil or electronic forms. With some observation forms, the beholder must evaluate behavior on a rating scale. If a rating scale is used as part of the scoring procedure, a 3-point rating scale with categories such as above- average, average, and below-average, are often sufficient. Newer mediated observation techniques are now available.Behaviors can be recorded using audio and/or videotape. Computers offer the advantage of on-line monitoring which is the process of capturing characteristics of the hu man-computer interaction automatically. Keystroke records, audit trails, and logging data are terms used to describe on-line monitoring. Position-tracking devices make it possible to record human work precisely and in great detail. In the naturalistic contrived research approach, unbeknownst to the subject, the researcher manipulates the situation to train that certain events will occur. Naturalistic observations can require many hours of observation to record a short, 2-minute event. For example, you trust to observe teachers responses to deviant student behavior such as cheating, fighting, or abusing computer equipment.Since these behaviors occur at a very low frequency in most classrooms, a great deal of observer time would be needed to gather data on a reasonable sample of such behavior. Situational testing is another form of contrived observation in which the subjects are aware that they are acting a role. The researcher devises a situation and assigns appropriate roles to the subjects, who are asked to play the roles to the best of their ability. Typically, all participants leave out the person being tested have been trained to play their roles. The situations are manipulated to observe the specific behavior that the researcher is interested in observing. An advantage to situational testing is that by setting up the situation, the behavior can be controlled. The fourth descriptive criterion of student work based on actual performance is the student portfolio.Portfolios consist of learner-created products that reflect the processes of learning and development over time. Portfolios have been recommended as a way to integrate learning and assessment since portfolios offer students an opportunity to learn about their own learning fleck they require active student responsibility and self- assessment. Portfolios serve as measures of student progress. They can take many forms such as game performances, multimedia projects, artwork, compositions, etc.Alt hough descriptive research is growing in importance, many research questions involve questions about cause. Yet descriptive research can play a role because it can provide information from another perspective. Two possible reasons exist for the increase in popularity of descriptive research studies. First educational researchers realize that scientific methods of research do not adequately measure what is happening in the classroom. Secondly, new technologies have led to new classroom activities that necessitate new methods of analysis. This clause suggests that if current trends continue, descriptive research methodology will grow in popularity and use.

Research Methods for Business Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Methods for Business - Research Proposal ExampleThis paper is aimed at providing a purpose analysis of the importance of nidus management in organisations.In the recent years organisations have provided lots importance to the stress management of the employees. Efforts are taken by the employers to reduce the stress from the employees by incur huge represent in this aspect. Almost every multinational organisation has a dedicated stress management team to provide relief to the workers (Hit, et al, 2006, p.259). The growing importance of the issue makes it an important matter to field of operations in the present business environment.Considering the importance of the stress management, organisations are incurring huge amount of cost towards prevention of the issues. In this context it is important to investigate whether providing importance to this aspect is improving the profitability of the business. It is to be noted that the organisations too provides various financial incenti ves to the employees in nightclub to improve their efficiency and to make them tactile sensation that they are not cosmos over burdened with their work. In this context, the causes of stress developing among the employees are also an important matter of study. The termination of stress, on the organisation also need to be highlighted in order to carefully analyze the importance given to stress management. The programs undertaken by organisations in the stress management activities, needs to be investigated to underline the factors which finally help oneself the employees to overcome their stress.The study of stress management will help in providing a clear analysis of the different factors which contributes towards the development of stress among different set of workers. The consequence of such stress on the workers will actually help us to determine how the organisational productivity is being hampered if a large set of workers in an organisation becomes the victim of stress . The study of the stress management

The relationship between Henry Miller's novel Tropic of Cancer and Research Paper

The relationship between Henry Millers novel tropic of Cancer and Allen Ginsbergs poem Howl - Research Paper ExampleWhen Howl and Tropic of Cancer were print they suffered a huge oppression of the American giving medication. That is because deeply conservative and short sighted mass of masses didnt find it appropriate to talk so freely about the most intimate and intimately topic of wind upual intercourse. Surely the main theme of these works is non only sex because sex is an obvious symbol of confronting the environment. Today films, books, cartoons, comics and magazines show and talk about sex in any mood but it was totally different from the times of Howl and Tropic of Cancer. The main point in our discussion is morality and ethical definition of what is right and wrong. Government of the USA judged these books in the court and did not publish them until years and decades because people thought it was immoral and wrong to allow the distribution of them. There is no bad adv ertising and any publicity attracts attention. Silly and foolish critiques as well as the representatives of government did exactly the opposite to what they wanted to do. They made these books incredibly popular by attracting to them a huge listening of curious readers. Such funny thing happened in the country which most of the worlds universe thought was the land of freedom and homeland of the liberty and that made a contrast sharper and brighter.

Public International Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

commonplace worldwide Law - Essay ExampleThis led to the establishment of the external legal system. The main calculate of this system is to promote justice for all persons all around the world. This system has many advantages and benefits.However, many of the supporters of it count to look through rose-colored glasses and ignore numerous shortcomings. In this work we will render to reveal positive and negative aspects of the international legal system with regard to the following issues international antiterrorism legal philosophy and recognition of new states.The urgent need for international legislation about the antiterrorism arose after the events of the 11th September, 2001. before these events the international community relied more than on diplomatic, economic and strategic means to manage international terrorism. barely the attacks on the World Trade Centre and the Pentagon, the United States and the other countries of the world began to muse over more effective mean s to fight terrorism and now the international community decided to introduce a military response to it /Lozada, 2006/.Since that time antiterrorism legislation became a matter of global concern and closer investigation. It appeared that drawing off and implementation of international antiterrorism practice of laws is not an easy task because this law crosses boundaries between states and between domestic, regional and international law as well as traditional disciplinary boundaries between administrative, constitutional, criminal, immigration, military law and the law of war /Ramraj, Hor & Roach, 2005/.We will list some main problems of the international antiterrorism law, which influence its effectiveness in vindication of all people. The first problem is the absence of single international definition of terrorism. The International Convention Against Terrorist Strikes with Explosives (1997) and the International Convention for the Persecution of Terrorist Financing (1999) trie d to provide the definition of terrorism. However, like the